Problems and Prospects of Scheduled Tribes in India in general

Definition:-Scheduled tribes are those Indian tribal groups (example: Bhils, Santhals, Gonds etc) whose names are included in the Indian constitution. They come from tribal groups enlisted by the government notification. The notification can be revised by the presidential consent after it has undergone through a special procedure in the central legislature. Their inclusion entitles them to concession and favour in government job procurements, adimission in government educational institutions etc.

Problems:-

a)Problem of extinction:-

their linguistic, cultural identity is being threatened by the culture promoted due to combined effect of the industrialisation , urbanization and recently by globalization.they will not become extinct as humans but as distinct socio-cultural groups.

b)Education procurement:-

there is general apathy towards education due superstition, inaccessibility due to tribal settlement are situated in far flung areas, cycle of poverty which demands that every family member participate in the economic process or activity.

c) Job procurement:-

Rampant illiteracy prevents government job procurements. Moreover, there is taboos superstition, fear of the unknown dangers in far off areas beyond the known area around the tribal village, corruption and bribery in job procurement process which the poor tribals can’t afford.

d)Dispersion from the native land:-

Expansion of industrial areas and urbanization is resulting in migration of the tribals from their home lands. Migration results in forgetting the cultural roots of the next generation of the tribals , dispersion also leads to landlessness and accentuates poverty, cultural clash occurs with people of the zone of their immigration. Migration and assimilation leads to forgetting of the tribal culture and language and customs and traditions.

e)Can not utilize modern facilities:-

poverty, illiteracy superstition , taboos and their residence in the remote areas hinders availability of the modern transport, telecommunication (However, mobile phones have broken this communication isolation in one sense or the other as mobile phone connectivity has been established in regions as high as Mt. Everest, the first test call has already been made from this peak), medical facilities etc.

f)Dependence on Primary activities:-

Their subsistence primary activity which result in their low purchasing power, in return aids the vicious cycle of poverty to continue.

g)Geographical patterning of the tribals:-

This possesses a serious problem for the administration to carry out several developmental schemes