InsightsUnveiled

Tropical cyclones are warm core vortex circulation of tropical region with a small diameter, often of an approximately circular shape, minimum surface pressure ( & are known by a variety of names.                                                               these storms cause havoc in the India, Bangladesh, Myanmar & hence, correct predictions are required for preventions for disaster management policy formulation. There are 3 distinct periods for occurrence of this storm:- 1) Pre-monsoon period; 2) Monsoon season leaving the months of June, July, August & September.                ...

Dry adiabatic lapse rate is the decrease in temperature of an unsaturated air mass in it's vertical movement through a stable equilibrium  atmosphere where temperature is decreasing @ 1(degree)celcius/100m ascend.     Saturated adiabetic lapse rate is the decrease in temperature of a saturated air mass in it's vertical movement through the atmosphere where the decrease in temperature of a saturated air mass in it's vertical movement through the atmosphere where temperature decreases @ 0.4(degrees)C - 0.9(degrees)C ascend. At the altitudes SALR(Saturated Adiabetic Lapse Rate) has no independent existence in the sense that SALR=DALR(approximately)which is due to the fact that SALR depends on water vapour concentration & temperature.      When condensation takes place in a air parcel undergoing DALR,esults in decreased temperature due to expansion of air parcel since ENVIRONMENAL LAPSE RATE (ELR) is less than the DALR ...

Latent heat is the heat energy absorbed & held in storage in a liquid or solid & is subsequently released by the process of condensation.   When water is converted into steam, heat is required in the process. Once steam is formed this steam stores potential energy in the form of latent heat which amounts to 260 joules of energy per gram of water vapour laden air. As this mass of moisture laden air rises due to connection current atmospheric gasses mixes with the water vapour. Addition of solids increases the boiling point of water & addition of gasses decreases the boiling point. In the lower part of troposphere the concentration of dust particles & other suspended foreign bodies are high & it decreases with height. Atmosphere pressure also decreases with height. Decrease in atmospheric pressure followed with decrease in dust particles 7 other suspended foreign bodies are high & it decreases with height. Atmospheric pressure also decreases with height. ...

Relative humidity is the ratio between the actual amount of water vapour present in the atmosphere at a given temperature & the maximum amount of water vapour that the atmosphere can retain at that temperature & is expressed as a percentage.       We know, A.P.=K*D*T where,A.P.=atmospheric pressure;K=constant=density & T=Temperature temperature is the index of heat contained in a substance.thus,when temperature increases density of air mass decreases so does the atmospheric pressure.Since,we are concerned with water vapour so vapour pressure would be a more appropriate term,Hence,it is the actual vapour pressure expressed as the percentage of saturation vapour pressure which would be possible at the same temperature. It(relative Humidity) is concerned with 2 variables:- a)actual water vapour in a given mass of air; b)Temperature of that mass of air,since this determines the capacity of the air to hold water vapour.this implies ...

Pressure gradient is the amount of change in atmosphere pressure between 2 points & is depicted on the synoptic chart by the differential spacing of isobars(imaginary lines joining points on the map with equal barometric pressure)-a wide spacing indicates weak or gentle gradient (& therefore wind of low velocity) while narrow spacing indicates a steep gradient (& therefore winds of high velocity).Thus, when the wind is subjected to greater pressure on one side than on the other, this imbalance produces a net imbalanced force from a region of high pressure to the region of low pressure called the Pressure Gradient Force.                     Pressure gradient force=1/density of atmosphere*(rate of pressure change*over distance 'P' )/(rate of pressure change* in the direction 'X' ) This pressure difference between the two isobars cause the wind to blow as per Newton's second la...

jet stream is narrow belt of high altitude (>12000m.) westerly winds in the troposphere whose speed varies between 10 Km./hr(in summer) to 184Km./hr(in winter),although velocities of over 370Km./hr. has been recorded occasionally. Their location & velocities have an important effect on travel times of flying aircraft especially in mid-latitude air routes. Westerlies are the wind system which dominates the zones between latitude 40(degrees)N/S & 70(degrees)N/S of the equator. The flows of air from the sub-tropical high pressure cells to the temperate zone of low pressure cell, thereby maintaining the fundamental meridional heat exchange mechanism.The prevailing wind direction in northern hemisphere is from south-west & in the northern hemisphere in the north-west.it is one of he strongest & most undisturbed airflows among the planetary winds. the velocity increases with height & the southern hemisphere westerlies are stronger than their northern hemespherial ...

An isotherm is an imaginary line drawn on a weather chart or map to join places of equal temperature. Temperature varies from season -as there is high temperature during summer & low temperature during winter with minor changes during transitionary seasons. We know that temperature is proportional to atmospheric pressure & inversely proportional to density.                                                        A.P.=K*D*T                                                 ...